Acne

Acne develops due to several interrelated factors:

• Excess oil (sebum) production by the sebaceous glands
• Clogging of hair follicles with dead skin cells and oil
• Bacterial growth (especially Cutibacterium acnes) within the pores
• Hormonal changes, particularly during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, or due to PCOS
• Dietary factors, such as excessive consumption of dairy, sugar, or processed foods
• Stress, which can worsen breakouts
• Use of certain cosmetics or medications (e.g., steroids, lithium)

Acne presents in various forms depending on severity:

• Whiteheads – closed plugged pores
• Papules – small red, tender bumps
• Pustules – pimples with pus at the tip
• Nodules – large, painful lumps beneath the skin
• Cystic lesions – pus-filled lumps deep under the skin, prone to scarring

Effective acne treatment depends on the type and severity of acne. Dr. Preeti K Sheth offers advanced, evidence-based solutions that may include:

• Topical treatments – including retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and salicylic acid-based formulations
• Oral medications – such as antibiotics, hormonal therapy (e.g., for PCOS-related acne), or isotretinoin for severe cases
• Chemical peels – to reduce acne lesions and improve skin texture
• Laser and light therapies – to control oil production and reduce acne-causing bacteria
• Acne scar treatments – including microneedling, fractional lasers, or dermal fillers

All treatments are personalized based on individual skin type and acne severity.

While acne cannot always be completely prevented, flare-ups can be minimized with proper care:

• Cleanse the skin gently twice a day
• Avoid harsh scrubbing or over-washing
• Use non-comedogenic (non-pore clogging) skincare and makeup products
• Maintain a balanced diet and stay hydrated
• Avoid touching or popping pimples to prevent scarring
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques
• Follow the dermatologist's prescribed skincare and medication regimen